Basic Technology Objective Questions

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Building Materials

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

<h1>BUILDING MATERIALS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Definition of Building</li> <li>Common Building Materials</li> <li>Identification of Buildings by Materials</li> <li>Uses of Building Materials</li> <li>Uses of Buildings</li> <li>Types of Buildings</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Definition of Building</h2> <p>A building is a structure which is designed by the architects or draughtsman and built for the purpose of providing shelter for human beings. Building materials are the materials used to construct buildings and other structures.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Common Building Materials </h2> <p>The following are the common building materials:</p> <p>(i) Cement (ii) Sand (iii) Gravel (iv) Metal (v) Plastics (vi) Wood (vii) Glass (viii) Leaves (ix) Ceramics (x) Grass, etc.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-19727 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/building-materials.jpg" alt="Building materials" width="368" height="259" /></p> <p style="text-align: center"><strong>Building Materials</strong></p> <p> </p> <h2>Identification of Buildings by Materials</h2> <p>Buildings are identified by the types of materials with which they are erected. They are:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Mud Buildings:</strong> These are erected with loamy or clayed soil which has been properly treated to plastic nature.</li> <li><strong>Brick Building: </strong>Bricks are molded from dried mortar (a mixture of cement, sand and lime and at times clay burnt in a kiln. There two types of Brick Building:</li> </ol> <p style="padding-left: 40px">(i) The Sun dried bricks (ii) The fire burnt bricks (Red bricks)</p> <ol start="3">

Maintenance of Tools and Machines

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF METAL WORK TOOLS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Care of Files</li> <li>Care of Hacksaw</li> <li>Care of Boring Tools</li> <li>Concept of and Need for Maintenance</li> <li>Types of Maintenance</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Care of Files</strong></h2> (i) A file cuts the metal during the forward stroke; therefore pressure on the file should be released during the return stroke. (ii) A new file should be used for soft metals such as brass, zinc, or copper. It should not be used for filing welded joints or surface of casting. (iii) A file must not be used without a handle because it is dangerous. Make sure the handle is firmly secured. (iv) The file should be cleaned regularly with a wire brush or file card to remove iron filing embedded in the teeth of the file and enable the file to cut better. <h2><strong>Care of Hacksaw</strong></h2> (i) Ensure the jobs are rigidly clamped to the vice. (ii) The blade should be fixed so that the teeth are pointing away from the handle. (iii) Tension the blade by the tensioning wing-nut making sure that the tension is right. Incorrect tension will lead to breakage of the blade. (iv) For solid copper or brass, use coarse blade about 14 to 18 teeth per 25mm for sheet metal and thin strip use teeth per 25mm. (v) Use moderate speed in cutting, about 40 to 60 strokes per minute. (vi) Use as much length of the blade as possible. <h2><strong>Care of Boring Tools</strong></h2>

The Importance of Maintenance

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>IMPORTANCE OF MAINTENANCE </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Importance of Maintenance</li> <li>Need for Maintenance of Tools, Equipment and Machines</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Importance of Maintenance</strong></h2> Maintenance is the work done to keep or restore equipment to an acceptable working standard at a minimum cost. To avoid breakdown, an organization or individual should formulate an appropriate maintenance policy or plan. Maintenance is important so as to save cost and time that may be required for the installation of new equipment to replace the damaged ones. It is also necessary to prevent disappointment and loss of precious opportunities. <h2><strong>Need for Maintenance of Tools, Equipment and Machines</strong></h2> We need to maintain our tools and machine for the following reasons:

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