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Meaning, Types and Functions of Office

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<h1>THE OFFICE</h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Meaning and Types of Office</li> <li>Functions of an office</li> <li>The Different Office Departments in an Organization</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Office</strong></h2> An office is defined as a room set aside in an organization for all clerical activities. An office can also be defined as a place where the planning and organization in connection with the production and distribution of goods and services are done. Examples of offices are the principal’s office, Banks, Restaurant, Shops etc. In the Principal’s office, records of both students and staff are kept. <strong> </strong> <h2><strong>Types of Office</strong></h2> There are two types of office namely, a small office and a large office. <h3><strong>A Small Office </strong></h3> A small office is usually found in a small organization because the volume of clerical activities is small. A small office usually has one to ten clerical workers. Example of small office are a trader’s shop, the Principal office Patent Medicine shop etc. <h4><strong>Advantages of a Small Office </strong></h4> A small office has the following advantages: <ol> <li>The workers perform a wide variety of duties thereby reducing monotony of work and idle time.</li> <li>It assists workers to learn more of office skills.</li> <li>Workers are able to learn more about the activities within the whole business.</li> <li>The workers enjoy a close relationship with their employers, customers and suppliers.</li> </ol> <h4><strong>Disadvantages of a Small Office</strong></h4> The following are the disadvantages of a small office:

Introduction to Book-keeping

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<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO BOOK-KEEPING</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Book-keeping</li> <li>Importance of Book-keeping and Parties Interested in Book-keeping</li> <li>Essential Qualities of a Book-keeper</li> <li>Common Book-keeping Practices</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Book-keeping</strong></h2> Book-keeping may be defined as the art of recording business transactions in a systematic manner so that the books of account will reveal at any time the financial position of the business to the owner and other stakeholders in the business <h2><strong>Importance of Book-keeping</strong></h2> Every business organization keeps daily records of their financial transactions. Therefore, the importance of bookkeeping becomes necessary for the following reasons: <ol> <li>It is for easy reference of business financial records.</li> <li>It shows an accurate standing position of business in relation to its customers i.e. what is owed and what is owed by the firm</li> <li>It reveals profits and losses position to the company through trading, profit and loss account.</li> <li>It provides information to members of the public who are interested in the business through the balance sheet.</li> <li>Auditors use the books to issue their audit reports.</li> <li>The records kept help in management decision-making.</li> <li>The records project the image of the business to the public.</li> <li>It is a means by which finances of a business can be controlled.</li> </ol>

Forms of Business Organisation: Co-operative Societies

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<h1><strong>CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Co-operative Societies</li> <li>Types of Co-operative Societies</li> <li>Advantages and Disadvantages of Co-operative Societies</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Cooperative Societies</strong></h2> A cooperative society exists when groups of workers, individuals, organizations, farmers or communities pull their resources together towards a common goal. Unlike the partnership form of business organisation, there is no maximum number of persons that can form a co-operative society. The main purpose of the cooperative society is to sell goods and services to members at a cheap rate, and do business together for profit purpose and share the profits among the members. <h2><strong>Types of Cooperative Societies</strong></h2> The common types of cooperative societies are: (a) Producers Cooperative (b) Consumers Cooperative   <h3>(a) <strong>Producers Cooperative</strong></h3> Producers form a common association in order to sell their products in a uniform price instead of selling individually, e.g. producers of yam, garri, cocoa etc may form a cooperative society for the selling of their products.

Meaning, Functions and Qualities of a Clerical Staff

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<h1><strong>CLERICAL STAFF</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Clerical Staff</li> <li>Qualities of a Clerical Staff</li> <li>Duties of a Clerical Staff</li> <li>Confidentiality of Office Information</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Clerical Staff </strong></h2> A clerical staff is someone who is employed either in a private business organization or government establishment to perform clerical duties with a corresponding payment of wages called salary. A clerical staff is also referred to as a clerk. A clerk can also be defined as someone who does routine duties in an office. Such duties include: record keeping, staffing service, filing of documents, etc. Examples are typists, account clerks, messengers, etc. <strong> </strong> <h2><strong>Qualities of a Clerical Staff </strong></h2> Qualities of a Clerical Staff are divided into two: Personal Qualities and Job Qualities <h3><strong>Personal Qualities of a Clerical Staff</strong></h3> The personal qualities of a clerical staff include the following:

Source Documents

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<h1><strong>SOURCE DOCUMENTS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Source Document</li> <li>Importance of Source Documents</li> <li>Types of Source Documents</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Source Document</strong></h2> Source documents may be defined as original documents on which monetary transactions are recorded, which provide necessary information for the preparation of books of original entry. It can also be defined as original documents on which information is recorded about business transactions. Transactions are the major feature of any business. The business transactions take place when goods and services are transferred from one person to another. There are two types of transaction namely cash and credit transaction. Cash transaction means that money is paid immediately the transaction occurs. Credit transaction means that payment for what is bought or sold is made at a later date. <h2><strong>Importance of Source Documents</strong></h2> The following are the importance of source documents:

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