<h1><strong>CLEFS/LETTER NAMES OF LINES AND SPACES (TREBLE AND BASS STAFF)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Clef</li> <li>Functions of Clef</li> <li>Kinds of Clef</li> <li>Treble Staff or Stave</li> <li>Bass or F Clef (pronounced 'base' )</li> <li>Bass Staff or Stave</li> <li>Musical Terms</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Definition of Clef</strong></h2> Clef is a French word, meaning Key. Clef is defined as a symbol placed at the commencement [beginning] of a stave [staff] which indicates the pitch of a musical note and also fixes the letter names of the lines and spaces.   <h2><strong>Functions of Clef</strong></h2> (i) To indicate the pitch of a musical note. (ii) To fix the letter names of the lines and spaces.   <h2><strong>Kinds of Clef </strong></h2> At this level, we shall consider the two major clefs which are also in common use. (i) Treble or G clef. (ii) Bass or F clef. The letter names lines and spaces are taken from the seven letters of the alphabets; A B C D E F G called musical alphabets. <br> <h2><strong>Treble or G Clef</strong></h2> This clef starts from the second line of the stave which is called G, and curls round it. <img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-20419" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/treble-or-g-clef.jpg" alt="Treble or G Clef" width="85" height="76" /> When G clef is placed on a stave or staff, the stave automatically becomes a<strong> Treble Stave</strong>. Treble stave consist of five parallel lines and four spaces as shown below.

<h1><strong>GRAND STAFF/GREAT STAFF</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Great Staff</li> <li>Ledger Lines</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>The Great Staff</strong></h2> The great stave consists of 11 lines and 10 spaces. When the bass and treble clef are combined and connected by a brace (left) and lines, they become the grand staff. This greatly increases the range of pitches that can be noted, and is often used in piano music due to the piano's wide range.<img class="size-full wp-image-20425 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/the-grand-staff-great-staff.jpg" alt="The grand staff/Great Staff" width="235" height="179" />

<h1><strong>HISTORICAL PERIODS OF MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Musical Periods and Some Major Composers</li> <li>Life and Works of G. F. Handel</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Musical Periods and Some Major Composers</strong></h2> The historical development of western music is divided into stages, popularly referred to as “musical periods”. Apart from the early musical periods from B.C. to 1400 A.D., there are such periods as: (i) Renaissance period (1400 – 1600AD) (ii) Baroque period (1600 – 1750AD) (iii) Classical period (1750 – 1820 AD) (iv) Romantic period (1820 – 1900AD) (v) Modern period (1900 to date)   <h2><strong>Life and Works of G. F. Handel</strong></h2> <img class="size-full wp-image-20431 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/historical-periods-of-music-life-and-work-of-GF-Handel.jpg" alt="Historical periods of music life and work of GF Handel" width="274" height="303" />

<h1><strong>SINGING</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Singing</li> <li>Types of Singing Voice</li> <li>Singing Nigeria's National Anthem</li> <li>The Tonic Solfa of the Anthem of Federal Republic of Nigeria\</li> <li>Practical</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Singing</strong></h2> Singing is the use of voice to produce songs.   <h2><strong>Types of Singing Voice</strong></h2> There are four main classifications of the singing voice, namely: Soprano, Alto, tenor and Bass; (i)<strong> Soprano</strong>: The soprano is usually sung by women, though young castrated boys in the olden days also sing soprano. (ii)<strong> Alto</strong>: This Alto voice is common among the women. The only difference between soprano and alto voices is that the range is lower than the soprano. (iii) <strong>Tenor:</strong> This is the highest voice in the male category and it can be light, heavy, robust, etc; depending on the quality of the voice of the singer. (iv)<strong> Bass: </strong>It is the deepest range, usually for men.