<h1><strong>MUSICAL ALPHABETS AND MUSICAL STAFF</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Musical Alphabets</li> <li>Musical Staff</li> <li>Musical Terms</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Musical Alphabets</strong></h2> There are seven English alphabets used in music, they are, A, B, C, D, E, F, G. These seven alphabets are called musical alphabets; they are used to write music.
<h1><strong>RECORDER MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Description of the Recorder</li> <li>Holding the Recorder</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Description of the Recorder</strong></h2> The recorder is an ancient instrument. Its history dates back to the medieval period of music history. Actually the recorder belongs to the flute family, but then it is regarded as the member of the wood wind family and really operates on the same mechanism as other wood wind instruments. However, whereas the other instruments of woodwind family are used in the orchestra, the recorder does not appear in the orchestra. Nowadays, the recorder is very popular in schools as it used to be in England between the 16<sup>th</sup> and 17<sup>th</sup> century. Its popularity rises from the fact that it is quite cheap to buy the mass produced type and also portable, thus it is easy for students to carry about. <img class="size-full wp-image-20416 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/music-recorder.jpg" alt="Music recorder " width="309" height="224" /> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Parts of the Recorder</strong></p>
<h1><strong>MUSICAL NOTATION</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Introduction</li> <li>Kinds of Music Notation</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Introduction </strong></h2> Music is produced from well-organized sounds; these musical sounds are written on paper with symbols or signs called NOTES. Whenever we attempt to write music in any style, we are engaged in music notation. Therefore, music notation simply refers to the system of reproducing musical sounds in writing. It is the art of writing music. <br> <h2><strong>Kinds of Music Notation</strong></h2> There are several methods of writing music, but at this level, we shall study only two types:
<h1><strong>CLEFS/LETTER NAMES OF LINES AND SPACES (TREBLE AND BASS STAFF)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Clef</li> <li>Functions of Clef</li> <li>Kinds of Clef</li> <li>Treble Staff or Stave</li> <li>Bass or F Clef (pronounced 'base' )</li> <li>Bass Staff or Stave</li> <li>Musical Terms</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Definition of Clef</strong></h2> Clef is a French word, meaning Key. Clef is defined as a symbol placed at the commencement [beginning] of a stave [staff] which indicates the pitch of a musical note and also fixes the letter names of the lines and spaces. <h2><strong>Functions of Clef</strong></h2> (i) To indicate the pitch of a musical note. (ii) To fix the letter names of the lines and spaces. <h2><strong>Kinds of Clef </strong></h2> At this level, we shall consider the two major clefs which are also in common use. (i) Treble or G clef. (ii) Bass or F clef. The letter names lines and spaces are taken from the seven letters of the alphabets; A B C D E F G called musical alphabets. <br> <h2><strong>Treble or G Clef</strong></h2> This clef starts from the second line of the stave which is called G, and curls round it. <img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-20419" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/treble-or-g-clef.jpg" alt="Treble or G Clef" width="85" height="76" /> When G clef is placed on a stave or staff, the stave automatically becomes a<strong> Treble Stave</strong>. Treble stave consist of five parallel lines and four spaces as shown below.
<h1><strong>DOTTED NOTES AND THEIR VALUES</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Dotted Notes</li> <li>Effects of Dots on a Note</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Definition of Dotted Notes</strong></h2> Dotted notes refer to notes which have dots placed after them. In other words, they are notes with dots, e.g.
<h1><strong>GRAND STAFF/GREAT STAFF</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Great Staff</li> <li>Ledger Lines</li> </ol> <h2><strong>The Great Staff</strong></h2> The great stave consists of 11 lines and 10 spaces. When the bass and treble clef are combined and connected by a brace (left) and lines, they become the grand staff. This greatly increases the range of pitches that can be noted, and is often used in piano music due to the piano's wide range.<img class="size-full wp-image-20425 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/the-grand-staff-great-staff.jpg" alt="The grand staff/Great Staff" width="235" height="179" />
<h1><strong>METHODS OF EXTENDING NOTE VALUES</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Methods of Extending Note Values</li> <li>The Effects of Tie</li> <li>The Effect of Pause</li> <li>The Effect of Dot</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Methods of Extending Note Values</strong></h2> Apart from dots, there are other methods of extending note values. These include Tie and Pause or Fermata. In other words, there are three major methods of extending note values, namely dots, tie and pause (fermata). <br> <h2><strong>The Effects of a Tie</strong></h2>
<h1><strong>HISTORICAL PERIODS OF MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Musical Periods and Some Major Composers</li> <li>Life and Works of G. F. Handel</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Musical Periods and Some Major Composers</strong></h2> The historical development of western music is divided into stages, popularly referred to as “musical periods”. Apart from the early musical periods from B.C. to 1400 A.D., there are such periods as: (i) Renaissance period (1400 – 1600AD) (ii) Baroque period (1600 – 1750AD) (iii) Classical period (1750 – 1820 AD) (iv) Romantic period (1820 – 1900AD) (v) Modern period (1900 to date) <h2><strong>Life and Works of G. F. Handel</strong></h2> <img class="size-full wp-image-20431 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/historical-periods-of-music-life-and-work-of-GF-Handel.jpg" alt="Historical periods of music life and work of GF Handel" width="274" height="303" />
<h1><strong>SCALES</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Scale</li> <li>Types of Scale</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Definition of Scale</strong></h2> The word <em>scale</em> comes from the Latin word “scala”. It means ladder. The first seven letters of the English alphabet A-G are used to express the different sounds in use. Scales refer to a series of notes that go in an ascending and descending manner. The <strong>Major scale</strong> is the foundation from which all other scales are formed. C major scale begins with a C and ends with a C. The same rule applies with the rest of the keys where a D Major Scale begins and ends with a D, F Major Scale begins with an F and ends with an F and so on. The notes on a major scale is numbered from 1 to 8, this signifies the intervals. <br> <h2><strong>Types of Scale</strong></h2> The types of scales are;