BASES
CONTENT
- Definition of Bases
- Strength of an Alkali
- Characteristics of Bases
- Preparation of Bases
- Reaction of Bases
- Uses of Bases
- Relative Acidity and Alkalinity (The PH Scale)
- Logarithmic pH Scale
- Worked Examples
Definition of Bases
A base is a substance which will neutralize an acid to yield salt and water only. It is either an oxide or hydroxide of a metal, e.g sodium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc, while; an alkaline is a basic hydroxide which is soluble in water. Bases that are soluble in water are referred to as alkalis. Examples are sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Oxides of heavy metals like PbO, ZnO and CuO are insoluble in water and are therefore bases not alkalis. CaO and MgO are slightly soluble and are alkalis. Like acids, alkalis may be strong or weak.
Strength of an Alkali
The strength of an alkali is the degree of its ionization in water.
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