CONTENT:
- Transmission and expression of characters in organisms
- Chromosomes the basis of heredity.
- Probability in genetics.
- Applications of principles of heredity
- Explanation on cross and self fertilization
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY OF HEREDITY: GENETICS
Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation in living organism. Scientists who study genetics are known as geneticists.
The laws of genetics were laid down by Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, in 1866 although the work was not credited to him until 1900.
Johannsen, a Danish botanist called the ‘factors’ that transmitted Mendel’s characters, genes in 1909.
Thomas Morgan, an American geneticist showed that genes were on chromosomes, in 1912.
TRANSMISSION AND EXPRESSION OF CHARACTERS IN ORGANISMS
Character is a distinct structural or functional feature of an organism. Heredity is the transmission of inherited characters from parent to offspring through genes.
Common experience has shown that plants and animals produce offspring which look like them but are still not exactly like the parents.
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