SIMPLE A.C. CIRCUITS

CONTENT

1. Alternating Current Circuits
2. A.C. in Resistors
3. A.C. Through a Capacitor
4. A.C. Through an Inductor
5. Series Circuits
6. Power in A.C. Circuits

Alternating Current Circuits

An a.c. circuit is one in which the magnitude of the current changes periodically with time. The a.c. is produced by an alternating voltage supply. The pattern of the a.c. voltage is sinusoidal in nature, that is it varies like the sine curve with constant amplitude and frequency.

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V₀ is the maximum or peak voltage, which represent the maximum displacement (amplitude).

V is the instantaneous voltage, representing the displacement.

Now, \(sin \theta = \frac{V}{V_0}\)

Hence, \(V = V_0 sin \theta = V_0  sin ωt\)

The rms voltage is defined as the steady voltage which would produce the same heating effect per  second in a given resistor.

The rms value of current is defined as the steady current which would dissipate at the same rate in  a given resistor.