<h1>DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Definition of Technical Drawing</li> <li>Drawing Instrument and Materials</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Definition of Technical Drawing</h2> <p>Technical drawing is a universal language used for communication among technical people. A good and accurate drawing can only be made through constant practice with the aid of drawing instruments and materials. Technical drawing can also be defined as a language of communication making use of lines, curves, symbols and conventions.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Drawing Instrument and Materials</h2> <p>Drawing instruments and materials for technical drawing are:</p> <ol> <li>Drawing board</li> <li>Tee square</li> <li>Sets squares</li> <li>Protractor</li>

<h1>USES OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Uses of Drawing Instruments and Materials</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Uses of Drawing Instruments and Materials</h2> <ol> <li>A <strong>drawing board</strong> is the wooden platform on which the drawing paper is placed before the drawing starts. The two main types are (a) full imperial size which is 812 × 585mm (b) half imperial (585 × 452mm) size.</li> <li><strong>Tee square</strong> is used for drawing horizontal or parallel lines in conjunction with drawing board.</li> <li><strong>Drawing pencils</strong> are of different grades used for general drawing, lettering or freehand sketching and technical or engineering drawing. We have B, 2B, 3B, 4B up to 8B and H, 2H, 3H, 4 H up to 8H pencils.</li>

<h1>BASIC TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING AND CARING FOR DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <p>Basic Techniques of Handling;</p> <ol> <li>Drawing Board</li> <li>Tee-Square</li> <li>Set-Square, Scale Rules, Protractor and French Curves</li> <li>Pair of Compasses or Dividers</li> <li>Other Instruments</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Introduction</h2> <p>We need to take care of our drawing instruments in order to prolong their service life.</p> <h2>Basic Techniques of Handling Drawing Board</h2> <ol> <li>Do not use pins for fastening your paper to the board, use tapes or clips.</li> <li>Do not use blade or knife to cut something on the surface of your drawing board.</li> <li>Always cover the surface with cardboard or thick paper.</li> <li>Keep the drawing board in a safe place when not in use.</li> </ol> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-32504 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/drawing-board.jpg" alt="Basic Techniques of Handling and Caring for Drawing Instruments and Materials - Drawing board" width="422" height="276" /></p> <h2>Basic Techniques of Handling Tee-Square</h2>

<h1>BASIC BOARD PRACTICE</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Setting Drawing Paper on the Board</li> <li>Sharpening of Drawing Pencils to Conical Point and Knife Edge</li> <li>The Instruments Required for Good Board Practice</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Setting Drawing Paper on the Board</h2> <h3>Step 1:</h3> <p>The drawing board is conveniently placed on the table with the paper on the board, leaving equal size all rounds, with the Tee-square edge to the left hand side.</p> <h3>Step 2:</h3> <p>Place the tee-square on the paper and gently move or slide the tee-square to the top edge of the paper. Set the top edge of the paper parallel to the edge of the tee-square with the stock of the tee-square firmly against the edge of the drawing board on the left-hand side.</p> <h3>Step 3:</h3> <p>Hold the paper with four pieces of adhesive tape or two metal clips to hold the paper in position at four corners.</p> <h3>Step 4:</h3> <p>Gently slide the tee-square down without moving the paper.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Sharpening of Drawing Pencils to Conical Point and Knife Edge</h2>

<h1>BOARD PRACTICE</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Using The Tee And Set Square For Drawing Board</li> <li>Horizontal And Vertical Lines</li> <li>Types of Lines and their Uses</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Using The Tee And Set Square For Drawing Board</h2> <p>This is a practical topic. The teacher should DEMONSTRATE this as much as possible in class for the students</p> <p>The various uses of setsquares are given below:</p>

<h1>BROAD PRACTICE</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Positioning and Drawing the Title Block.</li> <li>Freehand Writing of Letters and Numerals.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Positioning and Drawing the Title Block</h2> <h3>Title Block</h3> <p>The title block gives necessary information about the drawing such as name of designer, school, class, date, scale etc. The title block is usually at the bottom right-hand corner of the drawing paper.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-32536 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/title-block.jpg" alt="Board practice - Positioning and Drawing the Title Block" width="522" height="227" /></p> <p> </p> <h2>Writing (freehand) Legible Letters and Numerals</h2> <p>Lettering is the art of writing of letters (alphabets) and numbers (figures) in bold form or lower case form on drawing.</p>

<h1>FREEHAND SKETCHING</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Definition or Meaning of Freehand Sketching</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Definition or Meaning of Freehand Sketching</h2> <p>Freehand sketching is one of the quickest methods by which the shape of an object can be communicated to others without using any drawing instrument except a pen or a pencil. Examples of free hand sketches are:</p>

<h1>BASIC FREEHAND TECHNIQUES OF DRAWING CIRCLES, IRREGULAR SHAPES, ETC.</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <p>Basic Freehand Techniques of Drawing Circles, Irregular Shapes, etc.</p> <ol> <li>Sketching a Straight Line</li> <li>Sketching a Curve</li> <li>Sketching a Circle</li> <li>Sketching a Square Box</li> <li>Sketching an Irregular Edge</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Techniques of Sketching</h2> <h3>Sketching a Straight Line</h3> <p>A straight line is defined as the shortest distance between two points. We can use freehand to draw a fairly straight line by the following procedures.</p> <ol> <li>Put a dash or dot far enough to the right-hand side of the paper.</li> <li>Start to draw a line from the left-hand side to join the dash or dot with your eyes fixed on the point.</li> </ol> <h3>Sketching a Curve</h3> <p>To draw a curve by freehand, it will be necessary to plot some points not too far from each other at different levels, like this --------- with the points in position attempt to draw curves by joining the dashes or dots.</p> <h3>Sketching a Circle</h3> <p>To draw circles, the easiest way is to draw lines which are equal in diameter to the circle in different directions. Each line must be as faint and straight as possible, each crossing one another at a central point. Now, join the points by little curves from the top of each line. Try to draw other circles by means of joining two large curves having half the size as radius and full size in diameter.</p> <h3>Sketching a Square Box</h3>