JSS1 Business Studies Objective Questions

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Types of Occupation

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<h1><strong>MEANING AND CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPATION</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Occupation</li> <li>Factors that Determine Occupation</li> <li>Classification/Division of Occupation</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Occupation</strong></h2> Occupation is any legitimate activity one engages in order to earn a living. It is a means of livelihood of a person. For example mining, fishing, plumber, mechanic, teaching, trading, law, medicine, etc. <h2><strong>Factors that Determine Occupation</strong></h2> The following are the factors that determine occupation: <ol> <li>Climatic and Weather Condition: Because of climate and weather differences from place to place, people engage themselves in one form of occupation or the other to earn a living.</li> <li>Natural Resources: Natural resources endowment is also a determinant of one’s occupation. The presence of mineral resources in a particular place will attract the presence of miners and also determines the location of different types of industries. The availability of seaports and large bodies of water like ocean which are part of natural resources has accounted for people’s engagement in different activities and occupation.</li> <li>Health Factor: There are some occupations which people who are not physically fit cannot engage in. e.g. Nursing, Teaching etc.</li> <li>Skill and Training: People engaged themselves in occupation in which they have acquired skill and training.</li>

Home Row Keys (Keyboarding Applications)

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<h1><strong>HOME ROW KEYS (KEYBOARDING APPLICATIONS)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Correct Finger Position on the Home Keys</li> <li>Correct Finger Movement on the Home Keys</li> <li>Correct Ways for Finger Position on the Top Row, Upper Row, Home Row and Nottem Row</li> <li>Correct Finger Position and Movement for Special Characters and Figures</li> <li>Two Divisions of the Keyboard</li> </ol>   <strong>NOTE</strong> – Identification, demonstration, manipulation/application of the keyboard rows are to be done majorly here. Students are to: <ul> <li>Observe the position of the four rows of the keyboard (Top, Upper, Home, Nottem) and point them out as shown to them by the teacher.</li> <li>Practice proper finger placement on the home row keys as demonstrated by the teacher.</li> <li>Practice how to manipulate the home row keys using soft touch as demonstrated by the teacher</li> </ul> <h2><strong>Correct Finger Position on the Home Keys</strong></h2> The four fingers excluding the thumb of the left hand are placed on “asdf” while the four fingers of the right hand are placed on ";lkj". It is from here that the fingers move up and down the entire keyboard. “asdf and ;lkj” are therefore called home keys. First of all, master the keyboard to know the positions of the keys, and then type without looking at the keyboard but the copy. <h2><strong>Correct Finger Movement on the Home Keys</strong></h2> After placing the fingers on the home keys, the fingers should strike a key at a time to avoid key jam. The two little fingers are used to strike the guide keys (a & ;). The remaining fingers on the left except the left and right thumb are used to strike “sdf” while the rest fingers on the right hand are used to strike “lkj”. Activity: Practice exercise 1 from Walmsley’s Commercial Typewriting by Aileen M Prince <h2><strong>Correct Ways for Finger Position on the Top Row, Upper Row, Home Row and Nottem Row </strong></h2> <h3><strong>The Top Row</strong></h3> Figures play one of the most important parts in typewriting. Since numerical errors in any piece of typewritten work may cause much harm, therefore maximum concentration on the correct fingering in the very early stages of training is very important to attain that degree of efficiency required.

Honesty in Business

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<h1><strong>HONESTY IN BUSINESS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Honesty and Truthfulness</li> <li>Attributes of Truthfulness, Steadfastness and Straightforwardness</li> <li>Factors that Cause People to Lie</li> <li>Rewards for Being Truthful</li> <li>Consequences of Not Being Truthful</li> <li>Meaning of Fair Play</li> <li>Attributes/Qualities of Fair Play</li> <li>The Six Pillars of Character</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Honesty and Truthfulness</strong></h2> Honesty is the quality of being truthful and trustworthy. To be honest is to tell the truth at all times even at personal risk to oneself. Honesty in business is also known as ethical behaviour in business. Truthfulness means making true statement about something or somebody. It is very important for developing trust and building lasting relationships among people both in and outside the business. It helps people to be objective and lead to confidence and trust between/among business associates. A person who is not truthful is said to be dishonest or untruthful. <h2><strong>Attributes and Characteristics of Truthfulness</strong></h2> The attributes and characteristics of truthfulness include the following: <ol> <li>Consistent behaviour: It is being able to maintain a particular standard that one has been known for. It means one is reliable and can therefore be trusted in all circumstances and by everyone concerned.</li> <li>Steadfastness: This means, the quality of being firm in one’s dealing with people. Those who are steadfast are loyal, they can be depended upon in all situation.</li>

Alphanumeric Keys (Keyboarding Applications)

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<h1><strong>ALPHANUMERIC KEYS (KEYBOARDING APPLICATIONS)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Alphanumeric keys</li> <li>Identification of Alphanumeric Keys</li> <li>Correct Finger Placement on Alphanumeric Keys</li> <li>Soft Touch Manipulation of Alphanumeric Keys</li> </ol> <strong> </strong> <h2><strong>Alphanumeric Keys</strong></h2> These are keys of all the alphabets (a – z) and numbers (0 - 9). The alphanumeric keys also include symbols at the upper part of the number row such as exclamation mark (!), at (@), ampersand (&) etc. <h2><strong>Identification of Alphanumeric Keys </strong></h2> Here, learners are to properly identify all the alphanumeric keys. The keys are to be shown to the learners by the teacher. <h2><strong>Correct Finger Placement on Alphanumeric Keys</strong></h2> For fingers to use on alphabets, refer to the previous lesson i.e week 6 on keyboard rows particularly the areas highlighted in yellow colour above. For the numeric keys, the 1st finger on the left hand side will press key ‘‘4’’, the 2nd finger will press key ‘‘3’’, the 3rd finger will press key ‘‘2’’, while the 4th finger which is the little finger will press key ‘‘1’’.

Ethics in Sourcing Chemicals

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<h1><strong>ETHICS IN SOURCING CHEMICALS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Ethics</li> <li>Ethics in Sourcing Chemicals</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Ethics</strong></h2> Ethics are the codes of conduct or standards guiding the operation of a certain profession. They are the values, principles or rules guiding a particular profession. For example, a teacher is not supposed to beg for money from students to give them high scores in examinations. <h2><strong>Ethics in Sourcing Chemicals</strong></h2> This is the act of ensuring that chemicals being sourced are created in safe facilities by workers who are treated well and are paid for wages to work legal hours. It implies that the supplier is respecting the environment during the production and manufacturer of chemicals. The ethics in sourcing chemicals cover the following areas: <ol> <li>Licensed chemical vendors</li> <li>Good handling techniques</li> <li>Delivery</li> <li>Storage</li> <li>Good distribution of chemicals</li> <li>Proper disposal of chemicals</li> </ol> <h3>1. <strong>Licensed Chemical Vendors</strong></h3> A licensed vendor is someone that has been given a permit to import, buy and sell chemicals. Licensed vendors ensure that they keep strictly to the ethics and rules for trading in chemicals. The master list of licensed vendors can be obtained from the National Agency for Food, Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON). The following are reasons for sourcing chemicals from licensed vendors: (i) You are sure that it is a product that is legally permitted for use in Nigeria. (ii) The source of the chemical is known. (iii) The purity and stability are ensured. <h3>2. <strong>Good Handling Techniques</strong></h3> The following ethics guide the handling of chemicals:

Basic Service Keys (Keyboarding Applications)

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<h1><strong>BASIC SERVICE KEYS (KEYBOARDING APPLICATIONS)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Basic Service Keys</li> <li>Correct Finger Placement on the Basic Service Keys</li> <li>The Manipulation of the Basic Service Keys Using Soft Touch</li> </ol> <strong> </strong> <h2><strong>Basic Service Keys </strong></h2> These are special keys that allow you to use computer to perform specific functions. Examples are: space bar, tab key, caps lock key, control key, shift key, delete key, return key, Alt key, home and end, insert and arrow keys. <h2><strong>Correct Finger Placement on Basic Service Keys</strong></h2> (i) <strong>Space bar:</strong> Although both thumbs are placed on it but the right thumb is used to press it when typing. (ii) <strong>Tab key:</strong> The 4<sup>th</sup> finger (little finger) on the left hand is placed on it and used to press it. (iii) <strong>Caps lock key:</strong> The 4<sup>th</sup> finger (little finger) on the left hand is placed on it and used to press it.

Entrepreneurship

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<h2><strong>ENTREPRENEURSHIP</strong></h2> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Entrepreneurship</li> <li>Meaning of Enterprise</li> <li>Meaning of Self Employment</li> <li>Facilities Available for Self Employment</li> <li>Successful Entrepreneurs</li> <li>Local, National and International Entrepreneurs</li> <li>Importance or Functions of Entrepreneurship</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Entrepreneurship</strong></h2> Entrepreneurship is gotten from the French verb ‘entrepreneur’, which means ‘to undertake’. Entrepreneurship is the process of starting a business or other organization for the purpose of making profit. The entrepreneur develops a business model, acquires the human and other required resources, and is fully responsible for its success or failure. It is defined as an individual who organizes or operates a business or businesses. <h2><strong>Meaning of Enterprise</strong></h2> Enterprise refers to economic and business, nonprofit and government agencies responsible for production and distribution of goods and services. It can also be defined as effort made by people to achieve something. For example people have the initiative to start project to face challenges and to take risk in order to achieve their goals.

Correct Spacing and Punctuation Marks (Keyboarding Applications)

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<h1><strong>CORRECT SPACING AND PUNCTUATION MARKS (KEYBOARDING APPLICATIONS)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Identification and Uses of Spacing Keys</li> <li>Correct Finger Placement</li> <li>Correct Use of Punctuation Mark Keys</li> <li>Correct Spacing After Punctuation Marks</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Identification and Uses of Spacing Keys</strong></h2> Spacing keys are special keyboard characters that are used to give appropriate characters that are used tp give gap(s) in between words or typing lines. <strong>They are as follows:</strong> <ol> <li>Backspace: This moves the carriage or cursor one space at a time. It is usually typed with the weak or pinky finger on the right hand. It is used to erase characters from the end.</li> <li>Line space regulator: busin It can be adjusted by the right or left hand. it allows for 1, 1½ , 2 and 3 line spacing.</li> <li>Space bar: This is a rectangular bar at the bottom of a typewriter or computer. When touched, it gives space between characters. It is usually typed with the thumb especially the right thumb.</li> </ol> Some of the punctuation marks on the keyboard are: , . ? ‘‘’’ ; : () ! <h2><strong>Correct Finger Placement</strong></h2> After fingers are properly placed on the home keys, the right and left thumbs should be dangling on the space bar. The right thumb is used to press the space bar whenever the need arises to give space. For correct finger placement on punctuation marks, the 3<sup>rd</sup> finger on the right hand side is used to press comma key, while the 4<sup>th</sup> finger i.e. the little finger is used to press the full stop key. These are on the Nottem row.

Forms of Business Organisation: Sole Trade

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<h1><strong>SOLE TRADE </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Types of Business Organisation</li> <li>Meaning of Sole Trade</li> <li>Advantages and Disadvantages of Sole Trade</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Forms or Types of Business Ownership</strong></h2> The following are the four forms of business ownership: <ol> <li>Sole proprietorship;</li> <li>Partnership;</li> <li>Co-operative societies and</li> <li>Private and public limited liability companies.</li> </ol> Ownership refers to the individual or organization that brings together the factors of production.

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