Business Studies Lesson Notes

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Departments in an Office/Organisation and their Functions

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<h1><strong>DEPARTMENTS IN AN OFFICE/ORGANIZATION AND THEIR FUNCTIONS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Kind of Offices in an Organization</li> <li>Meaning of Department</li> <li>Various Departments and their Duties in an Organization</li> </ol>   <strong>Kind of Offices in an Organization</strong> There are generally two kinds of offices in an organization. These are general office and departmental office. <ol> <li><strong>General Office</strong>: This office deals with all the activities in the day to day running of the organization. The Administrative Manager is the head of this office. His responsibility is to coordinate the various activities of other offices. He controls the office workers, employs and deploys them to the department where their services are needed.</li> <li><strong>Departmental Office</strong>: Departmental offices are set up as supporting unit to assist the department in performing their day to day clerical activities. In each departmental office, there are departmental heads that controls the works of the subordinate.</li> </ol> <strong>EVALUATION</strong> <ol> <li>How many kinds of offices are there in an organization?</li> <li>Explain the duties of each of these offices.</li>

Journals; Ledgers; Classification of Accounts

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<h1><strong>DOUBLE ENTRY BOOK-KEEPING</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Journals</li> <li>Meaning of Ledgers</li> <li>Classes of Ledger</li> <li>Classification of Accounts</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Meaning of Journals</strong></h2> <strong>Journals are documents which contain the daily records of business transactions.</strong> Information from source documents are first recorded in journals before being transferred to the principal books of account. Journals are called day books because they need to be updated daily. Each record in a journal is called an entry. Journals are also called <strong>books of original entry</strong> or <strong>books of prime entry</strong> because the entries are transferred to a second book i.e. principal book of account. <h2><strong>Meaning of Ledgers</strong></h2> <strong>Ledgers are principal books of account used to record the weekly and monthly transactions from the journal entries</strong>. It is therefore called a book of second or secondary entry because transactions are transferred from the journal entries to it. <h2><strong>Classes of Ledger</strong></h2> The following are the classes of ledger we have:

Introduction to Commerce

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<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO COMMERCE</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning and Importance of Commerce</li> <li>Activities which Aid Commerce</li> </ol> <h2></h2> <h2><strong>Definition of Commerce</strong></h2> Commerce is the study of trade and aids to trade. It is concerned with the exchange of goods and services and the agencies that facilitate the exchanges. <h2><strong>Branches of Commerce</strong></h2> There are two <a href="https://classhall.com/lesson/divisions-of-commerce/">branches of commerce</a>: Trade and Aids to Trade. Trade refers to the act of buying and selling of goods and services. Aids to trade refer to the other activities that help facilitate trade. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-15732 size-full" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/scope-of-commerce.jpg" alt="Introduction to commerce - Branches of commerce" width="587" height="277" /> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>The Branches of Commerce</strong></p>

Introduction to Keyboarding

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<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO KEYBOARDING </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Keyboarding</li> <li>Importance of Keyboarding</li> <li>Correct Sitting Posture for Keyboarding</li> <li>Finger Movement Drill (Preliminary Practice)</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Keyboarding </strong></h2> Keyboarding is the act of using special machines like typewriter and computer to produce valuable documents in mail-able form. It is also the utilization of a keyboard for computer functions and typing. <h2><strong>Importance of Keyboarding </strong></h2> The importance of keyboarding include the following: <ol> <li>It makes production of documents easier than the use of pen.</li> <li>It provides neater and clearer documents.</li> <li>It provides various job opportunities.</li> <li>It will help and individual develop good communication skill.</li> <li>It would increase individual productivity and thereby increasing business turnover.</li> </ol>

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