<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO LIVING THINGS </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Living Things</li> <li>Characteristics of Living Things</li> <li>Classification of Living Things</li> <li>Photosynthesis</li> <li>Differences between Plants and Animals</li> <li>Similarities between Plants and Animals</li> <li>Uses of Plants and Animals</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Living Things</strong></h2> Living things are things that have life and can carry out all characteristics of life. <img class="size-full wp-image-32416 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/living-things.jpg" alt="Living Things" width="400" height="198" /> <h2><strong>Characteristics of Living Things</strong></h2> These are activities living things can perform such as: <strong>(MR NIGERCLAD)</strong> <ol> <li><strong>Movement</strong>: Movement is a change in position. Animals move from place to place. Plant only moves in stationary state towards light, water, etc.</li> <li><strong>Respiration</strong>: This is the taking in of oxygen to release energy as a result of breakdown of food in the body.</li>

<h1><strong>NON-LIVING THINGS - MATTER</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Meaning of Matter</li> <li>Identification of Matter</li> <li>States of Matter</li> <li>Change of State of Matter</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Matter</strong></h2> Matter is anything in nature that has mass and occupies space. Stone, paper, plant, animal, air, water, rubber etc. are made up of matter. Matter is made up of small particles called atoms. <p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-32420 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/non-living-things-matter.jpg" alt="Non living things - Matter" width="448" height="201" /><strong>Water Droplets</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #008000;">Water droplets are made of water molecules that bond together.</span></p> <h2><strong>Identification of Matter</strong></h2> Matter is classified into solid, liquid, and gas. All living and non-living things are made up of matter. It means that everything that you can see, touch, smell, breathe or eat is made up of matter. Matter can be classified as living and non-living matter. Can you mention some living and non-living matter around you? <h2><strong>States of Matter </strong></h2> The three states of matter are Solid, Liquid and Gas. Hence, we have solid state, liquid state and gaseous state. Matter can be classified into the following groups:

<h1><strong>CLASSIFICATION OF NON LIVING THINGS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Classification of Non-living Things</li> <li>Metals - Properties and Uses of Metals</li> <li>Non-Metals - Properties and Uses of Non metals</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Classification of Non-living Things</strong></h2> Non-living things in the environment can be grouped into metals and non-metal depending on their properties. <h2><strong>Metals</strong></h2> They are generally solids except for mercury, which exists in liquid state. Examples are copper, iron rod, empty cans, aluminum, silver, gold, lead etc. <img class="size-full wp-image-32424 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/metals-and-non-metals.jpg" alt="Classification of non living things - Metals and non metals" width="316" height="147" /> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Copper-Coated Pennies</strong></p> <span style="color: #008000;">Most coins used the United States contain copper. Pennies, <em>shown here,</em> are made of zinc with a thin coating of copper. They actually have less copper than other U.S. coins!</span> <h3><strong>Properties of Metals</strong></h3> The following are the properties of metals:

<h1><strong>MEANING, SOURCES AND FORMS OF ENERGY </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Energy</li> <li>Sources of Energy</li> <li>Forms of Energy</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Energy</strong></h2> Energy is the ability or capacity of the body to do work. Anything which possesses the ability to exert a force is having energy. Energy is a measure of the ability to do work and is absolutely necessary for everything including life itself. For example, if an object is moved from one point to another, work has been done. Work requires the use of energy. It is the energy that enables us to do work. <h2><strong>Sources of Energy</strong></h2> Energy is gotten from the following sources:

<h1><strong>TRANSFORMATION AND USES OF ENERGY</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Transformation of Energy</li> <li>Uses of Energy</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Transformation of Energy </strong></h2> Energy changes happen daily around us. The law of Conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can change from one form to another. The following are examples of transformation of energy: <ol> <li>Mechanical Energy → Heat energy e.g. rubbing two surfaces against each other</li> <li>Chemical energy → Light energy e.g. torch light battery.</li> <li>Sound Energy → Electrical energy e.g. microphone, loudspeaker</li>

<h1><strong>RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY</strong></h1> CONTENT Renewable Energy <ol> <li>Meaning of Renewable Energy</li> <li>Uses/Advantages of Renewable Energy</li> <li>Misuse/Disadvantages of Renewable Energy</li> </ol> Non-renewable Energy <ol> <li>Meaning of Non-renewable Energy</li> <li>Uses/Advantages of Non-renewable Energy</li> <li>Misuse/Disadvantages of Non-renewable Energy</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Renewable Energy </strong></h2> <h3><strong>Meaning of Renewable Energy</strong></h3> Renewable is the energy from a source that can last forever or that is replaced naturally. Examples of renewable energy are: (i) Solar energy (ii) Wave energy (iii) Hydro-energy from hydroelectric dams that have generators turned by water to produce electricity (e.g. Kanji dam, Shiroro dam). (iv) Biomass/Biofuels (v) Wind energy which is a source of energy used to run windmills to produce electricity. Wind power is not common in Nigeria as in overseas countries. Sun, wind and water will always exist and hence termed renewable energy. <h3><strong>Uses/Advantages of Renewable Energy</strong></h3> Renewable energy is useful or advantageous for the following reasons: