<h1><strong>FAMILY HEALTH - NUTRITION </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Meaning of Nutrition</li> <li>Meaning of Food</li> <li>Classes of Food</li> <li>Balanced Diet</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>The Meaning of Nutrition</strong></h2> Nutrition is the act of obtaining food by living things. It is one of the characteristics of living things. <h2><strong>Meaning of Food</strong></h2> What is food? Food is any substance that is taken to nourish the body and to meet physiological needs for growth, energy and to maintain all processes. <h2><strong>Classes of Food</strong></h2> The food we eat can be grouped into following classes based on the nutrient derived from it. Nutrient is a group of chemical compounds found in food. There are six classes of food, namely carbohydrates, proteins, fat and oil, minerals salt, vitamins and water. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-19608 size-full" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/classes-of-food.jpg" alt="Nutrition - classes of food" width="346" height="268" /> <h3><strong>Carbohydrates</strong></h3> These are energy giving foods e.g rice, yam, maize, cassava, wheat, bread, potato, etc. Excess intake of carbohydrate foods can lead to diseases such as diabetes, beriberi etc.

<h1><strong>FAMILY HEALTH - DRUG</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Meaning of Drug</li> <li>Types of Drugs</li> <li>Sources of Drugs</li> <li>Uses of Drugs</li> <li>Side Effects of Drugs</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>The Meaning of Drug</strong></h2> Drug can be defined as any substance that can affect the body positively or negatively. Drugs can be taken into the body system directly or indirectly through swallowing, injection or inhalation. Examples of drugs: Chloroquine, Phensic, Panadol, Kola nut, Alcohol, Indian hemp etc. <h2><strong>Types of Drugs</strong></h2> There are two types of drugs, namely:

<h1><strong>CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS AND DRUG ABUSE</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Classification of Drugs</li> <li>What is Drug Abuse?</li> <li>How Drugs Can be Abused</li> <li>Misuse of Drugs</li> <li>Other Substances that Can be Abused<strong> </strong></li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Classification of Drugs </strong></h2> There are five classes of drugs that people mostly abuse, namely: (i)<strong> Narcotics</strong> e.g. Opium (ii)<strong> Sedatives and Hypnotics</strong> e.g. Barbiturates (iii)<strong> Tranquilizers</strong> e.g. Valium (iv)<strong> Hallucinogens</strong> e.g. LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) and Marijuana. (v)<strong> Stimulants</strong> e.g. Amphetamine, Cocaine

<h1><strong>ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION - WATER POLLUTION </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Pollution</li> <li>Types of Pollution</li> <li>Water Pollution</li> <li>Causes of Water Pollution</li> <li>Consequences/Effects of Water Pollution</li> <li>Control Measures of Water Pollution</li> </ol> <br> <h2><strong>Definition of Pollution</strong></h2> The discharge of waste substances into the environment in quantities that are harmful to human beings is known as <strong>pollution</strong>. The materials and energy that cause pollution are called <strong>pollutants</strong>. Examples of pollutants are Acids, Soaps and Detergents, Alcohol, Oils, Chemical compounds such as Lead, Sulphide, fertilizers, herbicides, refuse and sewage etc. making the environment undesirable, unpleasant, threatening the health and existence of living organisms including humans. <h2><strong>Types of Pollution</strong></h2> There are mainly three types of pollution namely: (i) Water pollution; (ii) Air pollution; (iii) Land or Soil pollution   <h3><strong>Water Pollution</strong></h3>

<h1><strong>AIR POLLUTION</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Air Pollution</li> <li>Air Polluntants</li> <li>Sources of Air Pollution</li> <li>Consequences of Air Pollution</li> <li>Control Measures of Air Pollution</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Definition of Air Pollution </strong></h2> Air pollution is the discharge of harmful waste substances which contaminate the atmosphere. Air pollutants can be solids, liquids or gases. <p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-19620 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/air-pollution.jpg" alt="air pollution" width="252" height="181" /><strong>Air Pollution</strong></p> Air pollution is a serious problem in many parts of the world. Smokestacks pump pollution into the air, harming the environment and making it harder to breathe.

<h1><strong>LAND/SOIL POLLUTION</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Land or Soil Pollution</li> <li>Causes of Land/Soil pollution</li> <li>Effects of Land or Soil Pollution</li> <li>Control of Land/Soil Pollution</li> </ol>   <h2>Definition of Land or Soil Pollution<strong> </strong></h2> Land/soil pollution is the release of refuse and untreated wastes from agricultural and domestic activities and are exposed or dumped on the soil. <h2><strong>Causes of Land/Soil pollution</strong></h2> Causes of land/soil pollution are human activities that can release land/soil pollutants such as: (i) Agricultural activities which releases fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and animal dung. (ii) Oil spills from refineries and industries. (iii) Illegal dumping of waste refuse and chemicals. (iv) Indiscriminate disposal of domestic waste products on the soil. <h2><strong>Effects of Land or Soil Pollution </strong></h2> Effects of land or soil pollution include the following:

<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE </strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Science</li> <li>How to Study Science</li> <li>The Branches of Science</li> <li>Uses of Science</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Definition of Science </strong></h2> Science is the systematic study of nature. Basic science is a subject that introduces sciences to mankind. <h2><strong>How to Study Science </strong></h2> Science is studied through the following ways:

<h1><strong>FAMILY HEALTH - SANITATION</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>The Meaning of Sanitation</li> <li>Types of Sanitation</li> <li>How to Carry Out Personal Cleanliness</li> <li>Advantages of Observing Personal Cleanliness</li> <li>Disadvantages of Not Observing Personal Cleanliness</li> <li>The Importance of Sanitation</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>The Meaning of Sanitation</strong></h2> Sanitation is the removal of all kinds of waste that could be considered unpleasant from our immediate environment, in order to keep ourselves and our environment clean and healthy. <h2><strong>Types of Sanitation</strong></h2> The types of sanitation are as follows: (i) <strong>Environmental Sanitation:</strong> This refers to the practice or ways of keeping our surrounding clean and healthy by removing all kinds of waste from our rooms, toilets, bathrooms, kitchens and surroundings such as markets, schools etc. (ii)<strong> Personal cleanliness:</strong> This is the keeping of one’s body and personal belongings neat, clean and tidy always. Personal cleanliness is important for health because it prevents very tiny organisms (micro-organisms) which can cause diseases.   <h2><strong>How to Carry Out Personal Cleanliness</strong></h2> We can carry out personal cleanliness by doing the following:

REFUSE AND SEWAGE</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Refuse and Sewage</li> <li>Methods of Refuse Disposal</li> <li>Cleaning Tools and Agents</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Refuse and Sewage</strong></h2> Refuse is a solid waste whether dry or wet which could cause land pollution e.g. nylon, paper, plastic, broken bottles, scraps, etc. Refuse wastes materials could be divided into 2 namely: biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Biodegradable materials are materials that can decompose or decay e.g. banana peels, dead leaves, dead animals, etc. Non-biodegradable things are materials that cannot be decomposed or decay e.g. metals, plastics, broken bottles, etc. Sewage is a liquid waste from the environment e.g. faeces, urine, wasted water from kitchens, bathrooms, etc. <img class="size-full wp-image-19606 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/refuse-and-sewage.jpg" alt="refuse and sewage" width="431" height="116" />   <h2><strong>Methods of Refuse Disposal</strong></h2> Refuse disposal methods include: