Safety Guidelines for Pedestrians and Cyclists

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

<h1>SAFETY GUIDELINES</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Introduction to Safety Guidelines</li> <li>Safety Guidelines for Pedestrians</li> <li>Safety Guidelines for Cyclists</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Introduction to Safety Guidelines</h2> <p>Safety means protection from danger or injury. Safety guidelines are the rules to be followed in order to reduce or eliminate danger or injury. The safety of road users such as pedestrians, cyclists and motorists is highly important given the number of road accidents on roads and highways. Great importance also needs to be placed on the safety of students and their instructors in workshops in order to prevent accidents.</p> <p>Accidents are unpleasant events. They happen unexpectedly and cause injury or damage. We must plan against them by taking safety measures.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Safety Guidelines for Pedestrians</h2> <p>The following safety guidelines for pedestrians should be observed:</p> <p>1. Always walk on the left side of the road facing oncoming traffic.</p> <p>2. Where sidewalks are provided, use them rather than walking on the tarred road.</p> <p>3. Wear reflective or bright coloured clothes at night and carry a torch.</p> <p>4. When crossing the road, look left, right and left again before crossing.</p> <p>5. Walk quickly when crossing.</p> <p>6. Pedestrians should attempt to cross the road only at a safe place such as the:</p> <p>(a) Zebra crossing</p> <p>(b) Pedestrians overhead bridge</p>

Safety Guidelines for Motorists

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

<h1>SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR MOTORISTS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Meaning of Safety Guidelines for Motorists</li> <li>Safety Guidelines for Motorists</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Meaning of Safety Guidelines for Motorists</h2> <p>Motorists are road users who drive cars, buses, trucks and lorries. Rules meant to help people avoid danger or injury are called safety guidelines. Safety guidelines for motorists are therefore rules and regulations made to ensure that motorists drive safely and responsibly in order to guarantee the safety of the motorists and other road users.<br /> <br /> </p> <p> </p> <h2>Safety Guidelines for Motorists</h2> <p>The following are the safety guidelines for motorists:</p> <ol> <li>Use of seat belts. The use of seat belts help to prevent serious injuries in the event of an accident. Seat belts hold the driver and passengers tightly onto their seats.</li> <li>Obeying all traffic rules.</li>

Woodwork Hand Tools: Measuring Tools; Setting and Marking Out Tools

Complexity: Standard

<h1>WOODWORK HAND TOOLS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Classes of Wood Work Hand Tools</li> <li>Measuring and Marking Out Tools</li> <li>Setting and Marking Out Tools</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Classes of Wood Work Hand Tools</h2> <p>There are six classes of wood work hand tools. They are:</p> <ol> <li>Measuring tools</li> <li>Marking out/setting out tools</li> <li>Work holding tools</li> <li>Boring tools</li> <li>Cutting and paring tools</li> <li>Driving tools.</li> </ol> <h3>The Work Bench</h3> <p>A very vital tool in the wood workshop upon which operations such as sawing, drilling, planning, chiseling and boring are all carried out.</p> <p>Work bench fittings are:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Bench Stop</strong> is a provision made to prevent the work piece from slipping off the top surface of the work bench during planning.</li> <li><strong>Bench Hook</strong> is a device used to hold the job (or work piece) down during sawing or chiseling.</li> <li><strong>Bench Vice</strong> is a device that has a torsion bar for opening the jaws to allow a work piece to be held firmly between them. Usually more than one of this is fixed on the bench.</li> <li><strong>The Well</strong> is an important longitudinal hollow feature at the center of the work bench which serves as storage area for keeping bench tools during the process of work.<img class="size-full wp-image-36641 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/the-work-bench.jpg" alt="Measuring and marking out tools - Work bench" width="470" height="222" /></li> </ol> <h2>Measuring Tools</h2> <p><strong>Measurement</strong> is the first operation in woodwork. It is an activity that involves taking, checking and recording of distance between two points (or dimension) of object.</p> <p>There are:</p>

Workshop Safety; Workshop Safety Devices

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

<h1>WORKSHOP SAFETY</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Introduction to Workshop Safety</li> <li>Meaning of Workshop Accident</li> <li>Causes of Workshop Accident</li> <li>Workshop Safety Rules</li> <li>Types of Accidents in the Workshop</li> <li>Workshop Safety Devices</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Introduction to Workshop Safety</h2> <p><strong>Safety</strong> is freedom from danger. It is protection from risk of harm or injury. It is also protection against damage to machines, tools as well as the prevention or removal of factors that can lead to accident. Safety must be ensured in the workshop.</p> <p>A<strong> workshop</strong> is a place where technical and engineering works are carried out.</p> <p><strong>Workshop safety</strong> is protection from risk of harm or injury to humans or damage to machines and tools in the workshop.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Meaning of Workshop Accident</h2> <p>An accident is an unexpected event resulting in injury, illness or death as well as damage to property. Accident occurs as a result of hazards. Hazard is both an unsafe condition and unsafe act. It makes an accident to occur. Hazard is, therefore, any activity, situation or substance that causes harm or injury to someone in a workshop while he/she is working.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Causes of Workshop Accident</h2> <p>The basic causes of accidents are unsafe conditions of machinery, equipment, or surroundings, and the unsafe actions of persons that are caused by ignorance or neglect of safety principles.</p> <p>The following are the causes of workshop accidents:</p> <ol> <li>Lack of safety devices.</li> <li>Failure to use safety devices provided.</li> <li>Failure to follow laid-down methods for handling tools, equipment and machines.</li>

Driving and Boring Tools

Complexity: Standard

<h1>DRIVING AND BORING TOOLS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Driving Tools</li> <li>Boring Tools</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Driving Tools</h2> <p>Driving tools are used to fix nails and screws into wooden and metal materials. Nails are the iron material with a flat head, smooth stem and sharp end. Screws look like nails but they have turned or twisted stem. Screws are driven into wood with screwdrivers while nails are driven into wood and metals with the use of hammers. Hammers are driving tools that have two parts – a head, which is made of iron and a wooden handle. There are five types of hammers named according to the shape of the head. They are;</p> <p>1. Ball peen hammer.</p> <p>2. Straight peen hammer</p> <p>3. Cross peen hammer</p> <p>4. Planishing hammer</p> <p>5. Blocking head hammer</p> <p>6. Upholstery hammer</p> <p>(i) Straight-peen hammer is used for riveting while other end is used for shaping sheet metals.</p> <p>(ii) Ball-peen hammer is used for general purposes.</p>

Workshop Safety Rules and Regulations

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

<h1><strong>WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND REGULATIONS</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Safety Precautions or Attitudes in the Workshop</li> <li>General Safety Precautions in Workshops</li> <li>Accident Prevention Techniques</li> <li>Types of Fire</li> <li>Safety Precautions in Fire Accidents</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Safety Precautions or Attitudes in the Workshop</strong></h2> The following are the safety precautions or attitudes in the workshop: 1. Obedience: Pupils must obey the instructions of their teachers at all times 2. Humility: Show respect to everybody and when you are in doubt about anything, ask question. 3. Fiddling: Never play with any tool, equipment and machine in the workshop, such as ‘’ON/OFF’’ switch. 4. Horseplay: Do not run around in the workshop. Always, be patient and never rush. 5. Negligence: Report any fault or injury to your teacher, no matter how small. <h2><strong>General Safety Precautions in Workshops</strong></h2>

Holding Devices; Cutting and Pairing Tools

Complexity: Standard

<h1>HOLDING DEVICES, CUTTING AND PAIRING TOOLS</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Holding Devices</li> <li>Cutting and Paring Tools</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Holding Devices</h2> <p>Woodworking holding devices are the tools used to hold the work piece on the workbench. Woodworkers work on workbenches. It is on these benches that various woodwork constructions are carried out. The centre of the bench is usually lower than its two sides. This area is called a ‘well’ and its function is to accommodate the tools brought from the tool cupboard to the bench top during operations. The tools cannot fall or roll on to the floor or on anyone’s feet because this part is lower than other area of the bench.</p> <p>The fittings are:</p> <h3>1. Bench Vice</h3> <p>It is also called fitter’s vice. It is used to clamp or to hold jobs when the following operations are to be carried out on the bench, filling, bending, tapping, cutting, assembling parts, etc.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-36664 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bench-vice.jpg" alt="Holding Devices; Cutting and Pairing Tools - Bench vice" width="274" height="192" /></p> <p>Other types of vice are:</p> <h4>Hand Vice</h4> <p>It is used for holding work when performing operations such as drilling, riveting, etc.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-36665 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/hand-vice.jpg" alt="Holding Devices; Cutting and Pairing Tools - Hand vice" width="229" height="192" /></p> <h4>Machine Vice</h4> <p>It is fixed to the table of any machine tool.</p> <h4>The Care of the Vice</h4> <ol> <li>Always keep the vice clean.</li> <li>The thread or the screw inside the vice should be oiled regularly.</li> <li>Do not use the vice as an anvil for hammering a job</li> <li>Always use hand force only to tighten the vice for holding the work piece.</li> </ol> <h3>2. Bench Stop</h3>

Properties of Materials: Properties of Wood

Length: 0 minutesComplexity: Standard

Unfortunately we could not locate the table you're looking for.<h1>PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS - WOOD</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Definition of Materials</li> <li>The Definition of Wood</li> <li>Identification of Wood</li> <li>Classification and Properties of Wood</li> <li>Differences in the Properties of Hardwood and Softwood</li> <li>Properties of Materials and Identification of Wood, Timber, Structure of Wood</li> <li>The Growth of Timber and Wood Structure</li> <li>Five Main Parts Cross Section, Classes and Properties</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Definition of Materials</h2> <p>Materials are substances from which other things can be made. Basically, they can be classified into two: metallic and non-metallic. Furthermore, the metallic ones can be subdivided into ferrous and non-ferrous metals, while the non-metallic ones can be divided into natural and synthetic materials.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-19706 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/properties-of-materials.jpg" alt="Properties of materials" width="600" height="175" /></p> <p> </p> <h2>The Definition of Wood</h2> <p>One of the materials that is supplied by nature is wood. Wood is commonly used in some engineering manufacture because it is light, strong and can be worked upon easily.</p> <p>Wood is a material obtained from trees. It is made up of cellulose and lignin each consisting of 60% and 28% respectively.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Identification of Wood</h2> <p>Generally, wood has very good combination of colours to give it high decorative value. This makes it possible to identify some woods by their colour. Examples are:</p> <p></p>

Marking Out Tools, Measuring Tools and Gauge

Complexity: Standard

<h1>MARKING OUT TOOLS, MEASURING TOOLS, AND GAUGE</h1> <p>CONTENT</p> <ol> <li>Marking Out Tools</li> <li>Measuring Tools and Gauge</li> </ol> <p> </p> <h2>Marking Out Tools</h2> <p>These are hand tools used for marking out the required shapes of a particular metal from the sheet metal before cutting in the metal workshop. Examples are:</p> <h3>(i) Surface plate</h3> <p>This is used for checking the alignment and flatness of the object.</p> <h3>(ii) Surface table</h3> <p>This is used for marking out large objects, for checking accuracy, for height alignment and checking parallelism.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-36693 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/surface-plate-surface-table.jpg" alt="Marking Out Tools, Measuring Tools Driving Tools and Cutting Tools - Surface plate - Surface table" width="498" height="179" /></p> <h3>(iii) Scriber</h3> <p>This is used for marking out straight lines on metals in conjunction with other marking out tools.</p> <h3>(iv) Centre punch</h3> <p>This is used to locate the centre of a hole to be drilled.</p> <p><img class="size-full wp-image-36694 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/scriber-and-centre-punch.jpg" alt="Marking Out Tools, Measuring Tools Driving Tools and Cutting Tools - Surface plate - Scriber - Centre punch" width="410" height="195" /></p> <h3>(v) Dot punch</h3>

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