JSS1 Cultural and Creative Arts

Home » JSS1 Cultural and Creative Arts

Theory of Music: Fundamentals of Music

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>THEORY OF MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Fundamentals of Music and Sound</li> <li>Sources of Sound</li> <li>Musical Sounds</li> <li>Characteristics of Sound</li> <li>Musical Notation</li> <li>Types of Music Notation</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Fundamentals of Music and Sound</strong></h2> Music can be defined as a composition of organized sound pleasant to the ear. It is a performing art, a medium in which one’s mind can be meaningfully expressed by who appreciates it: The raw material of music is sound. Sound may be perceived as pleasant or unpleasant. Pleasant sound is musical sound while unpleasant sound is noise. Recorded music blared from a number of outlets (e.g. Business centers, shops etc) constitute noise. On the other hand, the sound from a performing orchestra could be very soothing and exhilarating. The real difference between musical sound and noise lies in the impression made on the listener. While musical sound is generally attractive and enjoyable, noise is distracting and could be irritating. Furthermore, musical sound is organized while noise is not. <h2><strong>Sources of Sound</strong></h2> There are two main sources of sounds:

Elements of Music; Notes on the Keyboard

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>ELEMENTS OF MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Elements of Music</li> <li>Notes on the Keyboard</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Elements of Music</strong></h2> The following are the elements of music. Pitch, melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, timbre, form or structure (i) <strong>Pitch:</strong> This refers to the height or depth of sound. (ii) <strong>Rhythm:</strong> This refers to the movement, life or time pattern of a piece of music. (iii) <strong>Melody:</strong> This means the main tune of a piece of music. (iv) <strong>Harmony:</strong> This means combination of musical notes to form chords. It is the clothing of melody. (v) <strong>Texture:</strong> The number of parts in a musical piece and their relation to one another. (vi) <strong>Timbre:</strong> This is the difference in sound production of one musical instrument and the other. (vii) <strong>Form or structure:</strong> This is the shape or order of music. <strong>EVALUATION</strong> <ol> <li>List three elements of music you have been taught.</li> <li>What is pitch?</li>

Rudiments of Music

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>RUDIMENTS OF MUSIC</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Musical Alphabets - Clef and Names of Staves</li> <li>Musical Notes</li> <li>Types of Musical Notes</li> <li>Relationship of Musical Notes</li> <li>Major Scale of C Natural</li> <li>Uses of Music.</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Musical Alphabets - Clef and Names of Staves</strong></h2> There are seven musical letters, namely: <strong>A, B, C, D, E, F, G</strong>. These seven letters are called the musical alphabets. They are used to write music. <h2><strong>Definition of Clef</strong></h2> A clef can be defined as a musical symbol (sign) written at the beginning of the staff. There are two major types of clef namely: Treble clef and Bass clef. The symbols for treble clef is <img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-32991" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/treble-clef.jpg" alt="Rudiments of music - treble clef" width="28" height="49" /> The symbol for Bass clef is <img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-32992" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bass-clef.jpg" alt="Rudiments of music -bass clef" width="24" height="31" /> G clef is also called Treble clef. When G clef sign is placed on the staff, the staff automatically becomes treble staff. <img class="size-full wp-image-32993 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/treble-staff.jpg" alt="Rudiments of music - treble staff" width="483" height="101" />

Introduction to Art: History, Origin and Types of Art

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>INTRODUCTION TO ART (HISTORY/ORIGIN OF ART)</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definitions of Art</li> <li>History/Origin of Art - The Early Men</li> <li>Art Techniques Used by the Early Men</li> <li>Art Tools Used by the Early Men</li> <li>Materials Used by the Early Men</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Definitions of Art </strong></h2> <ol> <li>Art is a universal language of expression.</li> <li>Art is a means of self-expression of inner feelings or ideas about things, people and the environment in general.</li> <li>Art is the act of making skillful use of materials to produce things for human use and pleasure.</li> <li>Art is the visual and non-visual representation of thought.</li> <li>Art is the skill of doing something, which is not taught.</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>History/Origin of Art - The Early Men</strong></h2>

The Branches of Art

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>THE BRANCHES OF ART</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Textile Design</li> <li>Graphics Design</li> <li>Ceramic Design</li> <li>Fine Art (Aesthetics Design)</li> </ol> <img class="size-full wp-image-19915 aligncenter" src="https://classhall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/the-branches-of-art.jpg" alt="The branches of art" width="445" height="303" /> <h2><strong>Textile Design </strong></h2> Textile design is the art of producing and decorating fabric material using elements of design like colors, and motifs to form design pattern on the fabric. <h3><strong>Types of Textile Design</strong></h3> <ol> <li>Weaving</li> <li>Embroidery</li> <li>Appliqué</li> <li>Textile print</li> <li>Tie and Dye</li> <li>Batik</li> </ol> <h3><strong>Materials and Tools Used in Textile Design</strong></h3> Dye, Caustic soda, Sodium hydro-sulphite, Raffia or twine, candle or wax, starch and alum, Tjanting tool, etc. <h2><strong>Graphics Design</strong></h2>

Drama and Theatre

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>DRAMA AND THEATRE</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Origin of Drama and Theatre</li> <li>Introduction to Drama and Theatre</li> <li>Definitions of Drama</li> <li>Definitions/Meaning of Theatre</li> <li>People Involved in Drama</li> <li>Elements of Drama</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Origin of Drama and Theatre (Mimesis, Ritual and Storytelling)</strong></h2> The origins of theatre have been traced to <strong>myth and rituals</strong> found in dances and mimed performances by masked dancers during fertility rites and other ceremonies that marked important passages in life. Early societies acted out patterns of life, death, and rebirth associated with the welfare of village tribes. Imitation, costumes, masks, makeup, gesture, dance, music, and pantomime were some of the theatrical elements found in early rituals. At some unrecorded time, these ceremonies and rituals became formalized in dramatic festivals and spread from Greece to the western world and from India to the eastern world. Some scholars claim that it may have originated from African primitive folklore, traditional customs, tales or saying, preserved orally among a people.

Meaning, Types and Examples of Craft

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>TYPES OF CRAFT</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Meaning of Crafts</li> <li>Types of Crafts</li> <li>Uses of Craft</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Meaning of Crafts</strong></h2> Crafts are manually-produced objects meant to serve a particular purpose of human needs. They can also be called handicraft. This is so because the use of skilled hand is involved. They are usually produced with local materials. The person who makes craft is known a craftsman. <h2><strong>Types of Crafts</strong></h2> The following are the types of crafts: <h3><strong>Fabric Crafts</strong></h3> Fabric crafts are crafts done with fabric material. It is also known as textile production. Methods of production could be by printing, weaving, tie & dyeing, batik and embroidery. Materials involve include fabric, loom, dye, textile ink, sewing machine, wax, etc. Examples include <ol> <li>Woven clothes (Aso-oke),</li> <li>Tie-dye design,</li> <li>Textile prints (Nigerian wax),</li> <li>Fashion design,</li> <li>Appliqué,</li> <li>Embroidery,</li> <li>Batik</li> </ol> Fabric crafts are common in Iseyin, Abeokuta, Kano, Osogbo, Akwete, Adinkra and Kente in Ghana.   <h3><strong>Paper Crafts</strong></h3>

Functions of Drama

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>FUNCTIONS OF DRAMA</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Instructive Functions</li> <li>Educative Functions</li> <li>Informative Functions</li> <li>Entertainment Functions</li> <li>Therapeutic Functions</li> </ol>   The roles of drama ranges from instructive, educative, informative, entertaining, therapeutic, social and cultural to religious and political experiences. <h2><strong>Instructive Functions</strong></h2> <ol> <li>It enables us to learn about ourselves, our society and about life in general.</li> <li>It teaches us to reflect on life’s actions and experiences</li> <li>It exposes life’s actions and experiences through performances on stage.</li> <li>It encourages us to choose the good and discard the bad aspects of life.</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Educative Functions</strong></h2> <ol>

Materials, Tools and Different Methods Used for Tie and Dye

Complexity: Standard

<h1><strong>TIE AND DYE</strong></h1> CONTENT <ol> <li>Definition of Tie and Dye</li> <li>Location of Tie and Dye Centres in Nigeria</li> <li>Methods in Tie and Dye</li> <li>Materials and Tools for Tie and Dye</li> </ol>   <h2><strong>Definition of Tie and Dye</strong></h2> Tie and dye is defined as the process of decorating or creating patterns on fabric materials through tying, stitching, clamping or any other method in order to resist the absorption of dye solution.   <h2><strong>Location of Tie and Dye Centres in Nigeria</strong></h2> <ol> <li>KANO - pit dyeing</li> <li>ABEOKUTA - batik process</li> <li>OSOGBO - indigo dyeing</li> </ol>   <strong>EVALUATION</strong> <ol> <li>Define tie and dye.</li> <li>Name 4 methods of tie-dye.</li> <li>List 3 locations of tie-dye in Nigeria.</li> </ol>

© [2022] Spidaworks Digital - All rights reserved.